Day-care centers breed misbehavior

The more time a child spends in a day-care center the more likely the child will misbehave in class, according to a long-term study funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Children who’ve spent more than a year in center-based care are more aggressive and disobedient than children cared for by parents, other relatives, family child-care homes or nannies, concludes the study. The effect persists through sixth grade “regardless of the child’s sex or family income, and regardless of the quality of the day care center,” reports the New York Times. Center grads aren’t that much rowdier, researchers say, but even minor misbehavior can have a cumulative effect.

With more than two million American preschoolers attending day care, the increased disruptiveness very likely contributes to the load on teachers who must manage large classrooms, the authors argue.

Most young children are cared for by parents, relatives or babysitters, but it’s estimated 24 percent attend a day-care center or preschool. The number is rising.

“I have accused the study authors of doing everything they could to make this negative finding go away, but they couldn’t do it,” said Sharon Landesman Ramey, director of the Georgetown University Center on Health and Education. “They knew this would be disturbing news for parents, but at some point, if that’s what you’re finding, then you have to report it.”

High-quality child care increases vocabulary, notes the Wall Street Journal.

Children who experience high-quality child care — whether in child-care centers or family child-care homes, or with sitters or nannies — have better vocabulary skills through fifth grade than children who get lower-quality care. However, math and reading gains, seen at younger ages in children who had spent time in high-quality care setups, didn’t last past first grade. High-quality care is defined as care by an engaged, responsive adult or adults in a rich, nurturing setting.

Earlier studies found similar results but this is the first to track child-care effects all the way through sixth grade. Researchers will continue to follow children through school and possibly into their 20s.

By the way, Early Stories provides useful links on testing Head Start’s effectiveness.

Update: The Onion has more on the issue.

‘Our School’ on the road

I got back today from our Chicago-Milwaukee-Madison trip, but I’ve got more travel to come to promote the paperback edition of Our School: The Inspiring Story of Two Teachers, One Big Idea, and the Charter School That Beat the Odds.

Tomorrow, I fly down to visit my mother before going to San Diego for the California Charter Schools Conference, Town and Country Resort, 5000 Hotel Circle North. I’m doing a “table talk” at 1 pm. Stop by if you’re at the convention.

I’ll be home for Passover then off to Seattle for an April 4 talk and lunch at 11:30 am in the Commons, third floor of Parrington Hall, University of Washington. The Center for Reinventing Education will host the “Policymakers Exchange.” Everyone’s welcome. Please RSVP by March 30 to bardacke@u.washington.edu or Maggie Bardacke at 206-685-2214.

Thanks to Sound Politics for running a promo of the UW event.

Check my ourschoolbook.com site for events updates.

A plethora of myriad writing

To demonstrate that the essay component of the SAT encourages bad writing, an MIT professor coached a student in how to get a good score for a nonsense essay.

In the 1930’s, American businesses were locked in a fierce economic competition with Russian merchants for fear that their communist philosophies would dominate American markets. As a result, American competition drove the country into an economic depression and the only way to pull them out of it was through civil cooperation. American president Franklin Delenor Roosevelt advocated for civil unity despite the communist threat of success by quoting “the only thing we need to fear is itself,” which desdained competition as an alternative to cooperation for success. In the end, the American economy pulled out of the depression and succeeded communism.

Inside Higher Education has a link to the whole essay on the virtues of cooperation. The essay received a 5 out of 6, a grade reserved for an essay that shows “reasonably consistent mastery” that “effectively develops a point of view” and “demonstrates strong critical thinking, generally using appropriate examples.”

Les Perelman, director of MIT’s Writing Across the Curriculum program, coached a student to write an essay that cited historical facts regardless of accuracy, used examples and quotes regardless of whether they made sense and included words such as “plethora” and “myriad” which scorers are said to favor.

At the Conference on College Composition and Communication in New York City, Perelman argued that the SAT’s attempt to evalute writing is hurting students, who may spend months practicing for the SAT’s writing component.

The essay is harming students, Perelman said, because it rewards formulaic writing that views the world as black and white, isn’t based on any facts, and values a few fancy vocabulary words over sincerity.

Good writing should make sense.

Via This Week in Education.

Spanish or shop?

Building a mini-locker for a seventh-grade Spanish class project got her 12-year-old son excited, writes mother Ann Bradley, an Education Week editor, on Motivation Matters. But she discovered most of his grade would be based on writing sentences in Spanish describing the locker contents.

My son, who desperately wants to do well in school but is still learning that effort equals outcome, was thrilled to get this creative assignment and determined to do his best. He spent hours turning a Nike box into a miniature locker. He spray-painted it blue, made a lock out of tin foil, and filled it with a tiny bulletin board (made by ripping a corner off the one in his room) complete with a tiny note written in Spanish stuck on with a pushpin. He even got our 5-year-old in on the act, who lent him a tiny SpongeBob backpack to hang in the locker.

. . . Being a Type A Mom, of course, I couldn’t help but point out to my son that all of his labors would only yield 10 points, and that he’d better get cracking on his sentences. It was awful to have to “shut down” his creative energies that way, although I do understand that this is a language class, not an art class.

Mom wants more creative assignments that will turn on her son. But where’s the Spanish learning in designing a locker? Maybe he should drop Spanish and take shop instead. Only I’ll bet that’s not an option.

My daughter did a lot of arts and crafts — mostly poster design — all through school in various subjects. Some of it was fun for her. She’s an artsy type. Very little taught her the subject she was supposed to be learning.

Aiming high

Go to Mr. Sun for a fantasy classroom photo from the Library of Congress archives.

Via Eduwonk.

Keeping the customers captive

Ten years after the first Illinois charter school opened in Peoria, demand is soaring , reports the Chicago Tribune. Some 15,000 children applied for 5,000 slots for new charter students. One Chicago school was able to accept only 11 percent of applicants.

What to do? Limit the growth of charter schools, says a state representative. CharterBlog spotlighted this quote:

The rise in applications to charter schools “is a sad commentary on our existing public schools,” said State Rep. Monique Davis (D-Chicago), who has filed legislation to stop the proliferation of charter schools.

If parents are turning away from the traditional public schools in their neighborhoods, she said, teachers and administrators should figure out why and fix the problems.

“Instead of opening charter schools, we need to go in there and see what the hell is going on in our schools,” Davis said.

While parents are waiting for district-run public schools to improve, Davis has introduced a bill to stop successful charters from opening more than one campus.

Under state law, only 30 charters can be granted in Chicago, where demand is the highest.

Cooking the numbers

At my Madison lunch yesterday, several people said the school district was lying about achievement data. After reading Parentalcation and Right Wing Nation, I suspect they were talking about Superintendent Art Rainwater’s claim to have eliminated the racial achievement gap. From the Fayetteville, NC Observer:

Superintendent Art Rainwater loves to discuss the Madison Metropolitan School District’s success in eliminating the racial achievement gap.

But he won’t consult with educators from other communities until they are ready to confront the issue head on.

“I’m willing to talk,” Rainwater tells people seeking his advice, “when you are willing to stand up and admit the problem, to say our minority children do not perform as well as our white students.”

Only then will Rainwater reveal the methods Madison used to level the academic playing field for minority students.

This is an odd statement. The racial achievement gap is accepted as an uncomfortable fact everywhere; it is much discussed. No superintendent in the U.S. — except for Rainwater — claims to have eliminated the gap.

Today, Rainwater said, no statistical achievement gap exists between the 25,000 white and minority students in Madison’s schools.

Impressive, but untrue, writes Right Wing Prof, who looked at Madison reading scores across all grades.

Only 54% of the black students are proficient or above. Only 55% of the Hispanic students are proficient and above. And only 91% of the white students are proficient or above.

D-Ed Reckoning explains how Madison is cooking the numbers to claim its balanced literacy program is succeeding. All student scores went up because the reading test was made easier, but black students gained less than whites and the huge rise in scores statewide was not confirmed by federal scores, which remained flat. (See Reading Wars II for more.) I found a graph comparing Madison to five similar districts in Wisconsin, all of which do much better than Madison on fourth-grade reading.

On to Madison

I’m leaving Milwaukee for Madison this morning. After talking to professors and students at Marquette yesterday, I saw commenter Triticale, Sean Hackbarth of The American Mind and Tom McMahon at the Our School reading at Schwartz Bookshop last night.A group of Mexican-American teens from Casa Chavez came too, which was fun. I was excited to see one boy pick up a copy of the book and read it attentively.

The Madison lunch will be at 11:45 am at Paisan’s, 131 W. Wilson. RSVP to Jim Zellmer (zellmer at mailbag dot com) of School Information System.

Performance

A new center will study whether pay-for-performance bonuses for teachers lead to improved performance by students.

Via Gadfly, a merit-pay experiment in Arkansas is proving popular with teachers and support staffers. However, Florida teachers are resisting a different merit-pay plan.

Head Start to stop testing

Is Head Start working to prepare low-income children for school? Congress is expected to suspend testing of preschoolers in the federal program, “amid complaints from early childhood experts that the exam is developmentally inappropriate and poorly designed,” reports the Washington Post.

Since 2003, children have been evaluated by their teachers to determine if their Head Start programs are building skills they’ll need in kindergarten. Critics say the test was adopted without sufficient field testing.

On Early Stories, Richard Colvin gives the anti-test case without saying he agrees.

The Head Start establishment doesn’t want to make preparing students for school its priority, writes Checker Finn of Education Gadfly. So critics are going after the test — “more like a 15-minute oral interview” — of kids headed for kindergarten.

Maybe the test isn’t good enough and the suspension will be lifted when a better test is developed. But I hate to see a massive federal program with no accountability for results.